原帖由 cmr 于 2008-6-22 13:01 发表 
这个例子正好显示了问题所在，即兔子和鹿最终必须要规约到一个统一的度量上去。如果把兔子和鹿看作是两个无关的向量基，所谓的均衡就不存在。同样，文明的胜利规则决定了事实上不可能把效用函数限制在一个良序 ...
由于我所受教育使用语言的问题，请允许我把32楼的话的意思用英语复述一遍（用以缓解翻译成中文时出现的误差）
This is a very good question raised by a lay person (please let me assume you haven't had very serious training in economics.)
No economist wants to use a utility function to map a rabbit or a dear onto the real number line. This would indeed be silly. All we do is to get people's PREFERENCE ORDERING over certain commodities, such as deer or rabbit, and map this preference ordering on to the real line. It was proven in the last century that one can always do this mapping using an utility function, provided that certain conditions are satisfied. I refer you to Mas-colel's classical postgraduate textbook (see reference in the first post.), which provides a very good treatment of this topic.
In terms of the Civ4 game. It can be easily seen that using utility function representing your preference over the outcomes is a valid approach. Just tell me your preference relations over the 6 victory condition and failure, I can easily find a utility function that represents such preference. (This might well be a discrete function, but it will not matter here.) If you cannot read the textbook I referred to you, just let me assure you that the conditions mentioned in the last paragraph are all satisfied in the case of Civ4. |
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发表于 2008-6-21 22:44:12
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RP男举个你认为典型的那时均衡的例子吧 
